Depth analysis: how can LED lamps make you eat delicious chicken?

The "frozen zombie meat" incident that has been raging for some time now is still a bit of a lingering fear. Although it has been proved that the freezing time is exaggerated, freezing time is not the norm, which seems to be the hidden rule of poultry industry. Food safety is really worrying!

LED can grow green and safe vegetables. If you don't want to eat vegetables and want to eat chicken, can LED do something about it? The answer is yes. The magic LED allows you to eat delicious chicken wings.

Don't laugh! Please tell me to raise chickens! First, let's talk about the Chinese chicken raising law. Tomorrow, I'll talk about how Americans raise chickens.

Physiological mechanism of light exposure on laying hens

The effects of light on reproductive endocrine changes and regulation process of poultry are very significant. Different light intensity and light time have direct effects on the performance of laying hens. The mechanism can be understood roughly: it is generally believed that birds have two photoreceptors: 1. retinal receptors, namely the eye; 2. hypothalamic receptors. Light stimulates the optic nerve to the hypothalamus. In addition, light also acts on the pineal gland and hypothalamus. The hypothalamus receives stimulation to produce gonadotropin releasing hormone, which passes through the pituitary portal system to the anterior pituitary gland, causing the development and ovulation of the follicles. The developing follicle produces estrogen, which promotes the development of the fallopian tube and maintains its skills, so that the female chicken's red crown and the opening of the phalanges become the secondary sexual characteristics. Estrogen also promotes calcium metabolism and facilitates eggshell formation. Ovulation hormone causes the hen to ovulate.

Several factors related to light production in Laying Hens Production

1, light intensity: generally labeled with lux, 20-30lux is commonly used in poultry breeding according to the age of the chicken. Due to the number, type and location of light source, there is a great difference in light intensity in poultry houses. Therefore, our experience is to combine light sources, use scientific calculation methods and professional illuminance tester to test the layout and spacing of light in poultry houses.

2, light time: different growth stages, laying hens have different requirements for light, and different chicken species have different requirements for light. In this regard, there are many relevant standards for reference.

3, light and color: people have three kinds of receptor, so they have three color vision. The visible spectrum of human eye can be detected from 400 to 760nm. Different wavelengths of electromagnetic waves cause different perception of light and color, and the range of visible light of chicken is different from that of visible light. Birds are four color vision animals. Their four kinds of cone cells enable them to see red, green, blue and ultraviolet light. Different light and color perception also form different feedback from layers. In 1986, an American scholar, MarcO.North, compiled a chart in which he pointed out the effects of these colors on Poultry Performance and characteristics.

4. Stroboscopic: stroboscopic is the depth of the luminous flux of the pointing light source, the greater the wave depth, the more serious the stroboscopic is, and is directly related to the technical quality of the electric light source. The electronic rectifier is not good, the voltage fluctuation is not stable, the lamp tube aging, the power grid frequency instability may cause the strobe of the lamp, the stroboscopic effect is serious. The human eye is unable to distinguish the less obvious stroboscopic phenomenon, and reliable data show that the chicken can see the stroboscopic phenomenon of different light sources, and this stroboscopic phenomenon can affect the behavior of chickens. Therefore, flicker free can be used as a criterion for judging whether a light source is healthy or harmless.

What light is used for artificial lighting in laying hens?

With the improvement of the scale and intensive degree of domestic chicken breeding, the enclosed henhouse has appeared in large numbers, which has blocked the intercourse of the environment inside and outside the house to the maximum extent. It has also put forward higher requirements for the creation of "small environment" in the chicken house. Accurate control, a uniform distribution, reasonable illumination, precise control of the artificial lighting system is also essential.

For now, artificial lighting is almost always achieved by lighting. We have used several kinds of lamps: incandescent lamp, halogen lamp, energy saving lamp, cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) and LED (light emitting diode).

Incandescent lamp

The principle of incandescent lamp is to heat the filament to the incandescent state and emit visible light by thermal radiation. It has the advantages of low cost, high versatility, fast start up and good color rendering. Its spectrum is continuous and uniform with excellent color rendering performance. Therefore, incandescent lamps are widely used in livestock and poultry house lighting in the early days.

However, because of the high filament temperature of incandescent lamp, most of the energy is wasted in the form of infrared radiation, so the conversion efficiency of electric energy is very low. Only about 2% of the energy consumption can be converted to light energy. At the same time, because of the high filament temperature and fast evaporation, the life expectancy is shortened, and the life expectancy is 1000. About half an hour, and the light efficiency is about 12 (Lm) per watt.

At present, under the situation of energetically promoting energy saving and emission reduction and actively responding to climate change, many countries have introduced an incandescent lighting roadmap to speed up the elimination of inefficient lighting products. China has also implemented green lighting projects since 1996 to promote further energy conservation and emission reduction. So incandescent lamp has gradually fade out of daily life and production range.

Halogen lamp

Halogen lamps are basically a variant of incandescent lamps. They retain a lot of heat and light from the hot compress light source, which greatly prolongs their service life. However, their lighting is usually used for occasions requiring concentrated irradiation, and the price is higher than ordinary incandescent lamps.

Energy saving lamp

It refers to the combination of fluorescent lamps and ballasts (stabilizers) into a whole lighting device. Its working temperature is lower than that of incandescent lamp, so its life span is increased to more than 8000 hours, and its luminous efficiency reaches 60 (LM) lumens per watt. The price is much less than that of ordinary incandescent lamps, which is more than 80% of the energy consumption of incandescent lanterns. Therefore, the lamp can be used in some family farms and semi open poultry houses.

Because the life of the energy-saving lamp has two parts: the life of the tube and the life of the electronic ballast. There are too many design links. If the process control is not good and the quality control is lacking, the quality of products will be very different. Especially in the rural market of breeding sites, a large number of low-quality low-end energy-saving lamp brands are flooded, and consumers' recognition of products is limited. Energy saving lamps can not meet their needs.

Cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL)

The fluorescent tube of cold cathode fluorescent lamp is its luminous body. Its principle is to control the potential energy change of electrons in the electrode by electric field action, so that electrons running from the electrode will impact into mercury (or xenon) to stimulate mercury to release ultraviolet light. This ultraviolet radiation can be applied to the phosphor coated inside the glass tube. See the light.

Compared with the ordinary bulb and the hot cathode fluorescent lamp, the cold cathode does not need heating, does not use filament, brightens the speed quickly, and can switch frequently, and the service life is greatly improved, usually up to 15000-30000 hours. With the small volume of cold cathode, with the development of technology, it has been widely used in neon and LCD backlight areas before and after 2005. CCFL lamps specially used for livestock breeding have been gradually recognized and accepted by domestic breeding sites at around 2010. Because of its low energy consumption (7-13w), light intensity adjustable (0-100% adjusting range), no stroboscopic (3000HZ/s high frequency) and other characteristics, especially in the lighting time and high lighting requirements of the laying hens farm has been vigorously promoted.

LED lamp (LED)

LED is a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into visible light. It can convert electricity into light directly.

LED has the lowest energy consumption in some of the lamps currently cited, about 10% of incandescent lamps and 25% of energy saving lamps. Because it is a solid state package and is a cold light source, it is installed in micro and enclosed devices without the need to consider heat dissipation. Compared with energy saving lamps and fluorescent lamps, LED has no mercury and is more environmentally-friendly. Because it works under DC low voltage, no electromagnetic radiation is an internationally recognized health lighting. Similar to CCFL, because the LED light source has no filament life, the quality LED life can reach 50 thousand to 100 thousand hours.

Through the comparison of the above forms, we can see that the color rendering and color temperature of CCFL and LED are better than those of traditional light sources, especially the higher the electric power frequency of discharge luminescence, the smaller the stroboscopic effect, the more stable the luminescence, the less asthenopia of chickens, and the normal growth and development.

Although the price of CCFL and LED lamps is higher than that of ordinary incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps at present, the longer life span and energy saving are enough to support the initial purchase price difference.

CCFL and LED can provide different choices of cold and warm colors in the breeding process of different kinds of poultry. If these two kinds of light sources are combined with the characteristics of low energy consumption, small size, frequent lighting, and different brightness adjustment according to the breeding stage, they will be connected to the precise control system, which is undoubtedly the airtight for modern laying hens. The illumination control of chicken houses provides a good choice.

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