From torch to LED luminaire to explore the history and future of tunnel lighting

Tunnel, as a form of human traffic, is a semi enclosed structure of underground space. Because of its special structure, the sun in the tunnel can not be directly fired, and it needs lighting during the day. Lighting system is one of the most important facilities in modern tunnel engineering, and once the tunnel lighting is put into use, the lighting system is in a long-term working state. The origin of the tunnel can be traced back to the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. There is a cloud in historical records: "the plank road is thousands of miles, and it connects to Shu Han, making the whole world fear Qin." The tunnel lighting used at that time was a torch, which was very simple and very inconvenient. In modern times, with the development of industrialization, tunnel traffic gradually increased, and tunnel lighting gradually developed. In the middle of nineteenth Century, the tunnel lighting was mainly kerosene and gas lamps. Until the end of nineteenth Century, electric lamps gradually applied to tunnel lighting. In the early 90s of last century, there were few tunnels in our country. The tunnel lighting facilities were not even mentioned. Most of the tunnels on the roads were not illuminated or hung only a few streetlights, and the lighting quality was very low. 。 In the contemporary era, with the continuous innovation of technology, the development of tunnel lighting has made great progress. Even in the simple lighting era, the tunnel lighting source has experienced the development process of incandescent lamp, fluorescent lamp, high pressure mercury lamp, low pressure sodium lamp and high pressure sodium lamp. The light source of tunnel lighting is constantly breaking through in terms of luminous efficiency, luminous flux, life expectancy, light color and color rendering, so as to create a better tunnel lighting environment. Since the era of intelligent tunnel lighting has entered the twenty-first Century, the development of LED lighting technology has become increasingly strong. LED lighting has gradually occupied most of the market of tunnel lighting. The LED light source has the characteristics of high luminous efficiency, high color rendering coefficient, long life, high efficiency, energy saving and ultra-low power consumption. The LED lamp has perfect dimming function. It can change the level of tunnel lighting at any time according to the factors of day, night and traffic flow. By integrating WiFi, ZigBee and other network technologies, LED lamps are used as tunnel lighting. Ming has ushered in the era of intelligent lighting. In 2007, domestic LED road and tunnel lighting market began to take shape. In the first 5 years, many manufacturers ignored the heat dissipation problem of LED lighting, and caused the failure rate of LED road and tunnel lighting projects to be more than 90%, which misled the public opinion that LED lighting technology is not mature enough to wait for the development trend. But at the same time, Shanghai think of its own original heat dissipation, lighting layout technology, completed the development of 148 LED road and tunnel lighting projects, provided 250 thousand high-power LED lamps all run steadily. Among them, the first LED tunnel lighting project in China, the LED lighting project of Jingying high speed tunnel in Jiangxi, has been appraised by the Ministry of communications as an energy saving and emission reduction demonstration project. Similarly, the project of Shanghai San Si LED luminaire, the South Hui highway tunnel in Fujian, has been appraised as the highway tunnel LED by the NDRC, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of transport. Lighting national demonstration project. The tunnel lighting intelligent control system of Jiangxi Nan Ying highway tunnel tunnel in Jingying high speed tunnel in Fujian can not only support the lighting needs of different sections, but also support a variety of intelligent dimming modes, such as: as a tunnel lighting lamp, the brightness of the light near the entrance and exit should be supported. Closer to the normal outdoor light, gradually decreasing from the two ends to the middle to reduce the "black hole and white hole effect" and improve driving safety. At the same time, it can automatically adjust the brightness to the right position according to the time, season, weather and other conditions, and the lighting system has different scene modes to achieve intelligent management to ensure the safety. Traffic safety. In this regard, the Shanghai Tsai small tunnel intelligent lighting project, which was built in Shaanxi, was appraised as a national demonstration project. In addition to the Shaanxi tussah tunnel, Shanghai LED's application products and intelligent control system are also applied to Yunnan Dali expressway tunnel, Chongqing Zhangjia mountain tunnel, Hunan cooling water well tunnel, Shanghai Dalian road tunnel, Beijing Jingcheng expressway, Yunnan Pu Xuan highway tunnel, G85 Chongqing Kunming Expressway mazhao line tunnel and Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao. Bridge, deep sea tunnel and other large tunnel projects built or under construction. In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, people pay more and more attention to the safety and comfort of road traffic. The requirement of intelligent control technology for tunnel lighting is getting higher and higher. With the continuous development of new technology and new technology, tunnel lighting intelligent control technology will also be "more energy efficient, more comprehensive and comfortable." "In the direction of development.