Hangzhou lighting legislation for the city to solve the problems brought about by urban lighting

According to voice of China Global Chinese broadcasting network reported that urban lighting refers to urban roads, squares, parks, public green spaces, and other buildings function lighting and landscape lighting. A bright light, can let people feel the city home warmth. But there are a lot of people have such experience, a section of the road, night lights home, let the hearts of the people are alarmed; and sometimes, when visiting a city attractions, and feel strong light glare.

In order to solve the problems caused by urban lighting, Hangzhou will soon make legislation for urban lighting. It is understood that the "Hangzhou urban lighting management approach" is currently seeking social advice, which lighting settings, how to set, where, where the light, where should not light, have made detailed provisions.

According to management measures, more than 15 meters in length of urban roads, tunnels and trails; parking spaces more than 5 public parking; more than medium-sized bridges and other areas should be equipped with functional lighting facilities. West Lake scenic area; the bustling commercial street, commercial street, city road, the main road on both sides of high-rise buildings, structures and other municipal facilities; city landmark buildings, structures and other regional landscape lighting facilities should be set up. Mr. Chen, the public, said: "in particular, we hope that there will be a more specific light pollution standard in the management of lighting. After this standard is determined, we will be able to manage the light pollution in accordance with this item."."

The biggest highlight of the management approach and the embodiment of humane care is to define the city's dark sky reserve. The black sky reserve mainly refers to the scenic areas dominated by natural mountain areas, with relatively few people, especially those with a diversity of animals and plants. No landscape lighting facilities shall be set up. The lighting facilities installed shall not be equipped with upward illumination. It is understood that the "black sky protection zone" is the international formulation, Hangzhou was first proposed 4 years ago, "Hangzhou city main city lighting master plan", and this is written into the "legal provisions". In order to ensure the implementation of the measures for the administration of city lighting, Hangzhou has done a detailed provisions of the strict punishment mechanism, in violation of the relevant provisions, or damage the city lighting facilities behavior will be punished, could be sentenced to a fine of 30 thousand yuan. Ms. Sun said: "the Punishment Ordinance has been very clear, but how to punish the follow-up, which departments should be punished, should be written in more detail."."

What is the situation of overseas countries in the legislation of urban lighting? First, look to australia. The city of Sydney, Australia, has 22000 street lights, one of the largest users of road lighting in New South Wales, australia. Are there any legislation similar to lighting in a number of cities and regions in Australia where animals are frequently visited?

According to Australian observer Hu Fang introduced, according to statistics, Australia has a total of 2 million 280 thousand street lamps, the annual electricity consumption of street lamps is about 125 million Australian dollars, or about 600 million yuan. Overall, the figures are good. In adults, every 10 Australians share a street light, while each year the average street power is about 5 Australian dollars. In addition, the population density is very low in Australia, in the same population, Australia City would like to share the same pie shop is very large, so in a large area with limited street, Australia City road lamp is less. In legislation, every state in Australia will have its own urban lighting guidelines, and some central cities are the first to introduce the concept of street lamps energy saving. Melbourne, Australia, for example, is the first city in the world to use solar energy to supply city lights, and to store solar energy to supply street lights. And 5 years ago, Sydney, Australia, also completed urban street and park lighting system transformation projects, in the hope of eventually reducing 40% of electricity consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Turn around in a big city in Australia at night, and you'll find that, except for some strong lights in the bar area, the whole city is basically shrouded in very dark lights. And if you leave the city center some distance, you will find ordinary residential streets, and sometimes even no street lights. For the neglect of urban lighting, in fact, to a large extent, and Australians living habits have a certain relationship. Australia is almost no evening commercial activities every week except Thursday because of the special customs of some shops will be open to 9 o'clock in the evening, usually in addition to the vast majority of supermarket stores in 5 or even earlier closed. People are more inclined to the weekend daytime activities, usually at night and the rest is used in the house, so the whole city lights is bright enough, in fact, from the demand point of view, it is not so important, because many people don't go out at night.

Turn to America again. Since the year 2011 violent crime rate increased after the two institutions in the United States Austen and Austen City Police Bureau of energy on the plan in the three most dangerous place in Austen, LED lighting installed on crime prevention, efforts to protect city residents. Has become one of a series of policies to combat urban crime.

According to U. S. observer Du Jianfeng, the United States for "light pollution" legislation, there are two characteristics. First, the legislation focuses on lighting facilities installed and held by the government, including private and private office buildings, which are generally prescribed, but not so strict. Most of the laws are aimed at streetlights built by the government