Nakamura Shuji's speech record: predict the future of solid state lighting

On August 10-12, the world science and technology innovation forum was held at the Beijing Convention Center, including more than 20 Nobel laureate including Kip Thorne, Thomas J.Sargent, Michael Levitt, Zhu Diwen, and academician Cao Chunxiao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and academician Chen Gang of the US National Academy of engineering. The highest level wisdom feast in China is unprecedented, exploring the achievements of global technological innovation and drawing a blueprint for China's technological innovation in the future. At the forum, Professor Nobel, the 2014 Laureate in physics, delivered a speech entitled "the invention of high efficiency Blu ray LED and the future of solid state lighting" in 2014. In his speech, Nakamura Shuji said that LED lighting will play an important role in improving the global ecological environment. "Global warming is indeed a pressing challenge for all countries and governments. If the whole world can use LED lighting, it will greatly reduce energy consumption."

Nobel, winner of the 2014 prize in physics, Nakamura Shuji. (source: Tencent Finance)

The full text of the transcript is as follows:

Let me introduce our future to you, including laser lighting. Let me introduce myself first. Japan is made up of 4 islands. The smallest island is my birthplace. I was born and raised here since I was a child. Later, I went to The University of Tokushima. The University of Tokushima is a very small ranked school. After graduating from The University of Tokushima, I joined a small chemical company called Sun Asia chemical company, which is a chemical company. When I joined the chemical company, my job was to develop red, green, blue and white LED. I worked in this company for 20 years, during which I developed LED of various colors. We did not cooperate with any company outside, nor did we cooperate with the government. After graduating in 1971, I joined the Japanese chemical company, which had only 100 people, a very small chemical company.

Introduce LED again. Red, green and blue LED are the fruits of our continuous development over the years. The red LED was invented in 60s, and gradually enriched other colors. Since 60s, many scientists in the world want to develop blue and green LED, because we hope to enrich their colors. We hope that there are three primary colors of LED. A large number of scientists in the world have not succeeded in developing blue and green LED, but in 1993 we developed highly efficient blue light-emitting LED, and we In 1993, we realized the mass production of blue and efficient LED. We can imagine this difficulty.

Later, we also developed the green LED in 1995. According to my experience, I remember that in 1979, I graduated from The University of Tokushima and joined this Asia chemical company. In the first ten years, I developed the traditional LED. At that time, my boss made me develop the traditional LED, so during the first ten years when I joined the Japanese chemical industry, we all knew it was one. A chemical company, which has no experience in developing LED, is a chemical manufacturer, so it was like I joined in to take the lead in developing LED equipment from scratch. But there was no sales, because many semiconductor companies had been very successful in traditional LED. Compared with that, our company was a very small and new company. After ten years of hard work, in 1989, I began to learn LED technology. Guan LED's scientific papers. All scientific papers say that the biggest technical challenge of LED is that there is no blue and green LED. If there are blue and green LED, it will bring huge market opportunities. So a lot of scientific journals and forums are talking about this issue, so I made up my mind to develop green LED at that time.

In 1988, I asked the founder of the company to approve, and I asked him if he could develop Blu ray LED, he agreed. I went to University of Florida from 1988 to 1989, and then spent three years developing blue LED. I find it very easy and very easy. After three years of research, I won the Nobel prize. For the first ten years, the experience of developing traditional LED has laid a foundation for my experience from zero development and the experience of red LED, so I spent the last three years developing red LED and winning the Nobel prize. Now it is used in various applications.

My interest is in the botanical factory. LED lighting can be used in plant factories. There is a huge market space. Many venture capital investors in Silicon Valley are also very fond of the concept of plant factory. There are some places that do not accord with very good production conditions, so the factory that produces this plant can solve this problem. In front of Professor Zhu Diwen, global warming is introduced. Global warming is indeed a pressing challenge for all countries and governments. If the whole world can use LED lighting, it will greatly reduce energy consumption.

LED can be used in various fields. In addition, I also developed ultraviolet multi quantum laser LED in 1995. We say that Blu ray LED is very suitable for vehicles, but today people like to download movies with computers, but the market of blue LED is still relatively small. Today we have ultraviolet multiphoton laser diode. Its application prospect is enormous. Its market will be huge and very interesting.

So to introduce the third generation of laser lighting, we have entered the third era of solid-state laser lighting. Here we contrast the difference between Blu ray LED and laser diode. We see that Blu ray LED needs to increase its energy density. Under high power density, Blu ray LED will be inferior, but if laser LED is used, its energy density will be very high. If it is lighting, using a very small chip, this is the advantage of laser LED. Its size is as large as that of a chip, and its lighting effect is one thousand times that of the blue LED. Therefore, if laser illumination is used, it can greatly reduce the cost of lighting. Especially in China, there are so many new movie theaters. If you can use this laser projector, then it will be very bright. If you go to the cinema to see a movie in China, you will find that the movie projector used in China is a laser projector, and the effect is very good.

In addition, its price is cheaper. Now it has a 100 inch laser TV. Compared with the existing TV sets, it has more cost advantages compared with the current LCD TV or OLED TV. For example, OLED TV needs ten thousand, but laser TV is cheaper than it. Besides, we also talk about laser projector. Its shape is also miniaturized. After that, it can have 50 inch laser TV, and the price is cheaper. I think this technology will represent the future trend of TV development.

There are also headlights for cars. Now the headlights of LED can only be 300 meters, but the laser can take one kilometer. Laser headlights, the first big headlights will be very small, not as big as they are now. Using smaller laser headlights is like a projector. If you use LED to make headlights, the LED chip will be so large that it will be larger based on the low energy density. If we use laser to illuminate it, its size is smaller. We can see that this laser has various advantages as a headlamp. Today, car designers are looking for the miniaturized headlights.

We can also use this laser welding, laser cutting and lidar, see infrared rays and so on. We can see the size of the beam. If the laser beam is too big and inconvenient to use, CD is the largest, DVD is a little smaller, and Blu ray is the smallest, 400 nm, so its beam is smaller. So Blu ray LED has smaller beams, and has advantages over DVD and CD. This is especially suitable for laser welding and laser cutting, so when you cut it, the beam is very small and very accurate. Compared with other light sources, it is very accurate and very suitable for today's cutting and welding work. And because the blue light uses lasers, its energy density is also very high. This is a specific example. Laser cutting and welding are currently using infrared rays, and will be cut by blue light in the future.

This is the Star Wars movie. It is already ahead. It predicts the emergence of laser weapons. Laser has very high energy density. It is more powerful in targeting and firepower. Also using lidar, Lidar is mainly automatic driving technology, there will be lidar on the roof, then it will scan to distance to form an image, use this radar to scan, but now they use the infrared way, if we use blue light in the future, we will make this radar smaller. We can improve the clarity of lidar imaging. Now the imaging rate is very low, just like the old TV. If we use blue light radar in the future, then the imaging rate will be very high and very clear, reduce the number of accidents, because by improving the clarity of the image, we can reduce traffic accidents.

For example, apple X, which has a human face recognition function, uses infrared recognition technology, but its imaging rate is very low and unclear. But if we use the blue light radar diode, our face recognition will be more accurate later. It can recognize all human faces and achieve face recognition very accurately. We use blue light radar diodes to replace all infrared diodes. This is also a great opportunity for optical fidelity, also known as visible light wireless communication. The speed is very high and it is very suitable for communication. At present, our communication is mainly WiFi, WiFi uses radio channels, and our Blu ray laser has higher frequency, that is, the bandwidth can be very wide, there are many advantages, and it will not be affected by noise. The future application prospect is very optimistic. For example, data transmission, WiFi is currently using 3G or 4G network, 4G data transmission is slow, only 0.3GB per second, this is 4G. But now people are developing the next generation of WiFi, called 5G, and 5G only 10GB per second. But when the laser is transmitted to the fidelity technology, when the visible light wireless technology can reach 100G per second, LiFi will bring great breakthroughs in the future wireless communication technology and greatly increase the transmission speed, so LOD has come to us. 5G is not ready today, 4G is not fast enough, but now LIFI has come to our doorstep, and LiFi is a very simple technology. This kind of optical fidelity technology is very simple, because we can install LED lighting equipment everywhere, LED lighting is everywhere, it can promote LiFi as the convenience of visible light wireless communication equipment. In the future, smart phone companies will pay much attention to the development of this technology. That's all I say. Thank you!

Source: Tencent Finance

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