Begin to display talents LED

LED occupies a dominant position in electronic product indicators and now even at the traffic lights and brake lights in use than incandescent lamp. This is just the beginning.

LED will eventually become a major key technology, and gradually replace the incandescent lamps and other products. The most important factor that drives people to use LED is its low long-term cost. Even if it never falls to a level comparable to that of incandescent bulbs, the initial cost of LED is rapidly declining, while the cost of other lighting technologies remains unchanged. LED has been heavily into many profitable applications, such as theater lighting. The lighting equipment industry brilliant again from the dim recession, this is not a simple task. However, in twentieth Century the lighting technology is equivalent to incandescent lamp technology. New types of lighting equipment, such as compact fluorescent lamps and high intensity discharge lamps, continue to grow rapidly, but they are no longer at the forefront of technology. Now, most of the innovation of lighting equipment is concentrated in the solid-state light source, mainly LED (light-emitting diode). However, while LED is the dominant indicator, they have so far achieved the greatest success in professional lighting systems. It is almost certain that it will take a few more years, perhaps longer, to mature to replace the old lights and screw in most of the sockets.

Some observers in the lighting industry are at least partly responsible for the vertical integration of the industry. Incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp manufacturers will not purchase the main components of their products from third parties. In the light of the current situation, this is exactly what the majority of LED lamp manufacturers face: the main lamp manufacturers do not produce the core components of the LED lamp as a semiconductor chip. A glossary of terms, such as "electric light", is included in the compilation of several online terms, including references 1, 2, and 3

Despite the existence of structure and business practices and lighting equipment industry incompatible with this situation, but the lighting engineers of LED still maintained a strong interest, because in all electric lighting equipment, only a solid light emitting device is novel enough, can continue to benefit from the rapid progress of technology, the cost is greatly reduced. The cost of the old lighting technology remains constant, only the solid-state light source can significantly reduce the COL (lighting costs).

According to some estimates, last year the LED lamp COL has been lower than halogen lamps. Around 2007, the cost of the LED lamp, which is now slightly below $27 (/MlmH), should be reduced by about 75%. The price of such a drop will make the LED lamp COL with a fluorescent lamp of $7 /MlmH roughly the same. This improvement is largely due to the enhancement of light output, but even without considering the increase in light output, the price of LED lamps used for lighting is also declining.

The meaning of "lighting cost"

Here to explain the meaning of lighting costs (COL). COL involves not only the initial cost of the lamp, but also the cost of the energy consumed by the lamp, the cost of replacing the lamp when the lamp is not working, and the average frequency of the lamp to be replaced. The initial cost of incandescent lamp is very low, but they can convert electric energy into light energy efficiency is low, and they will soon burn out. Incandescent lamps from the burning sense, LED lamp is difficult to burn. Its light output is falling at a rate that is almost imperceptible. Calculation of the LED COL are generally assumed: LED light output down to half, LED lamp life is terminated.

Lighting engineers generally assume that the typical LED lamp life is 75000 hours, while the ordinary incandescent lamp life of only 1000 hours. Other assumptions for the COL value are: the cost of electricity is 10 cents /kWH (kilowatt hours), and the cost of replacing the lamp is $15 (in the industrial system, which is a reasonable cost of labor). COL calculations do not take TVM (the time value of money) into account, while TVM shows that the purchasing power of the dollar decreases over time. If the TVM is taken into account, how much will speed up the cost of LED to achieve the same speed as fluorescent lamps. For more information, please visit the web site of the North American Society of lighting engineering. Its website is www.iesna.org

To be sure, cost is not everything about lighting technology. Aesthetic issues are also important, and from the aesthetic point of view, today's white LED is not everyone wants. In fact, most of the commercially available white LED is excited white phosphor to expand the width of the output spectrum of blue LED. Other white light LED are using UV (Zi Waiguang) light-emitting devices to stimulate the output is more or less a combination of white light phosphor. This light is a "cold" light, most people feel less than the incandescent lamp fluorescent lamp and even issued to Guang Rouhe. Moreover, compared with the incandescent lamp, the spectrum of the LED lamp will be different because of the different samples, but also with the changes in the working conditions of the larger changes.

For this problem, the LED lamp designer has created a solution that works well in professional lighting systems, such as theater lighting systems, but is still too expensive for general lighting. If you use the combination of red, green and blue three LED instead of a blue light or UV light emitting device, and a variable duty pulse waveform to drive the space factor of three LED, then you can get a light you can adjust its output color in the visible spectrum of light. Such lights can be