How to create a new normal manufacturing?! (two)

Study on BCG global manufacturing index is the competitive advantage of traditional manufacturing industry gradually recently launched exports ranked the world's top 25 economies manufacturing cost compared quantitatively. The paper selects the wage level, labor productivity, energy cost and exchange rate as the key factors to determine the cost competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. Research shows that Chinese as a low-cost manufacturing country competitive advantage is gradually lost, the main challenges are as follows: rising labor costs. The large amount of labor, low cost has been a prominent comparative advantage of China's manufacturing industry, with the change of population structure, China's demographic dividend disappeared, this advantage is constantly losing. It is predicted that by 2015 China's total labor force reached a peak, after which will slowly decline. At the same time, in the population of 15-35 years of age, the proportion of the rural population in the continuous reduction, while the town of young workers' income expectations are rising. In addition, the problem of population aging is also increasing. According to the United Nations standards, the ratio of people over the age of 65, more than 7% of the total population, known as the "aging society", and more than 14% is known as the "aging society"". China reached 7.6% in 2005, in fact, in 2001 began to enter the aging society. In recent years, the emergence of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in the southeast coast of the "labor shortage" has highlighted the problems brought about by changes in population structure. One of the important reasons wages soaring labor costs rise. BCG global manufacturing index study shows that in 2004, Chinese workers adjusted by production efficiency less than the same period the average wage of U.S. workers 1/4, China's labor cost advantage of manufacturing industry is very obvious. However, in 10 years, the average wage of Chinese workers soared nearly three times, while the United States workers wages rose by only $27%. Productivity growth fell and the growth rate is lower than the cost. China's manufacturing industry started late, the foundation is weak. In 2010, China's manufacturing industry has exceeded the United States, but China had 100 million workers, the United States is completed by a total of 10 million workers, which shows that China's manufacturing productivity is relatively low. However, with the rapid development of China's economy, the productivity of the manufacturing industry has also increased rapidly. According to the Unit Intelligence (Economist), the average growth rate of China's manufacturing sector could reach 15% by 2004. However, since 2005, China's manufacturing labor productivity growth has declined significantly compared with the previous period, basically maintained at 5%-10% intervals. At the same time, wages and energy prices have risen rapidly. For example, in 2011 China's manufacturing labor productivity increased by 6% compared to 2010, but the manufacturing sector wage growth of more than 15%. Should point out is that the blind pursuit of low labor cost is a dangerous move. This advantage will gradually disappear with the development of the country. The same happened in Japan in twentieth Century and South Korea in the year of the year of the year of the year of 50s and 60s, on the Korean Peninsula in the year of 70s and 80s. The good news for China is that the huge labor force has enabled China to maintain a low cost advantage for 30 years. No country other than India is comparable to China in terms of labor reserves. Due to the large number of manufacturing jobs are looking for low cost labour, so small and medium-sized countries such as Vietnam will appear labor costs rose significantly in a relatively short period of time, this will enable those who first came to these markets for low labor cost enterprises again rethink their choice. 4: from the concept of industrial source China manufacturing to wisdom made China industry 4 in Germany, it refers to 1970s after the fourth wave of manufacturing automation technology industry innovation, which is based on the automatic robot, cloud computing and big data analysis of nine digital technology. In this industrial transformation, sensors, machines, artifacts and IT systems will be integrated into the whole value chain. This kind of physical equipment and the Internet Interconnection of the manufacturing system can collect data analysis, predict the error, and can continue to self adjustment, so as to adapt to the changing environment. Industrial 4 technology will greatly enhance the manufacturing efficiency, promote economic restructuring, improve the structure of labor employment, and ultimately change the competitive landscape between the company and the country. European, American and Asian companies have begun adopting the technology industry 4, technology manufacturing competition dominance in the new era has begun. BCG analysis predicts that the German manufacturing industry to improve production efficiency to create the output value of 90 billion -1500 billion euros. Variable costs other than production data will be reduced by 15%-25%. Industrial parts manufacturing enterprises will be the largest production efficiency improvement (20%-30%), such as automobile manufacturing enterprises productivity will increase by 10%-20%. In the face of the 4 wave of industrial, China manufacturing enterprises must actively seek the upgrading of technology, or in industrial age of 3 come to a standstill China enterprises will be eliminated by the strong competitors. Fortunately, although technology has not been the advantage of China, but in the introduction of some new technologies, China has not lagged behind the traditional industrial powers. For example, the speed of robotics in Chinese manufacturing companies is faster than in other countries. China, the United States, Japan, Germany and South Korea accounted for nearly 80% of the world's total procurement of robot technology, which is expected to remain stable over the next ten years. The BCG analysis shows that walking in the forefront of the application of industrial robots in the country, will be the largest in terms of labor cost savings