"Quantum dots" bright future, the future will subvert the lighting and display industry?

At the end of September, the domestic TV manufacturers TCL launched the high-end sub brand "Yi" (English name "Xess"), and its quantum dot TV, mobile phone, tablet computer and several terminal products. One of the quantum dot TV X2 as an important flagship products to focus on, is expected to officially market after three months.

TCL released data show that the X series of quantum dot TV because of the use of color quantum dot display materials, so you can achieve the highest 110% color gamut, pure color display and accurate color expression.

As a new technology recently, the explosion of red, quantum dot technology played a new generation of revolutionary Overture display technology, because it is not just to bring the display quality better, also can make the concept of folding screen further from reality.

Technology from the future

Quantum dot technology was born in 1983, the United States Baer laboratory scientists for the first time to study it, but forgot to name it. A few years later, Mark Reid, a physicist at the Yale University, named the semiconductor micro block "quantum dots". How to apply the quantum dot luminescence principle to the display device is also very early.

At present, the quantum dot display technology includes two kinds, one is the quantum dot light-emitting diode, one is based on the blue chip backlight technology. Institute of materials science and engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Institute of optoelectronic materials, Professor Ceng Haibo introduction. Among them, the quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) is based on the quantum dots as the light-emitting layer, in an electrically driven manner, the electric energy can be directly converted into light emitting diodes. Backlight technology is the use of quantum dots photoluminescence principle, also known as OLED. Namely the use of blue chip hybrid components emit light to excite the quantum dots, and a variety of colors of light, the light together, on the formation of white light, by controlling the optical film in front of the group, you can achieve color display. The traditional QLED quantum dots are composed of zinc, cadmium, selenium and sulfur atoms, and these quantum dots are very small in size, which is a particle with a particle size of less than 10 nm. Each time a quantum dot is stimulated by light or electricity, it emits different colored light.

In traditional display technology, it is impossible not to rely on backlight and crt. Before the imaging principle of LCD panel can be summarized as the liquid crystal molecules join between two sheets of glass substrate, but the LCD itself can not emit light, must pass into the voltage to the molecular arrangement occurred in the twists and turns, the screen through electronic group collision, make the picture and through external light reflection to form a picture perspective. In the meantime, the backlight is changed from a cold cathode backlight (CCFL) into a back light source of a light emitting diode (LED).

CCFL and LED in the end which has more advantages, the debate on this issue has not stopped, and now the emergence of quantum dot technology to break the competition between them. However, now the TV giant launched a quantum dot TV, is not the real meaning of quantum dot tv. Because manufacturers do not fully utilize the characteristics of quantum dots do not need backlighting, but as a light-emitting material added to the LED backlight and LCD panel between. When the LED issued a blue light source, will be lit in front of the diameter of about 2~10 nm quantum dots, after the blue light of the quantum dots will show a full spectrum of light, which greatly enhance the color saturation.

"This is not the final form of quantum dot display technology. Ceng Haibo explained, if you can get rid of the LED backlight, then the advent of folding TV, folding phone will be just around the corner. "

OLED or QLED?

Although the prospects of quantum dot display technology is bright, but the industry in the end is the industry with the advantage of OLED or QLED more discussion of the prospects have been ignited. Ceng Haibo believes that OLED and QLED have advantages and disadvantages, industrial, QLED easier to implement because it almost does not need too much change to the existing product line, can produce QLED products, but this is not the case for OLED.

Currently, South Korea's two companies were respected for the two technologies, which also formed a competitive pattern of OLED and QLED now. "However, I think the real market for display technology can still depend on product costs, which costs can come down, which is more likely to be quickly accepted by the market. Ceng Haibo said.

From the analysis of the cost, the existing production technology, OLED display panel production process is relatively complex, because the OLED display panel in the production process, the process needs deposition, deposition and mask need equipment. Therefore, the production cost of OLED is expensive. In comparison, QLED does have a greater advantage in this regard.

Moreover, in theory, QLED has longer service life and better color performance. According to the radio communication department in 2012 promulgated by the International Telecommunication Union for a new generation of ultra high definition video production and display system of BT.2020 standard, bring people the visual enjoyment of Apple mobile phone can only reach about 50%, means that half of the color does not show up, but quantum dots can achieve 100% color display. At the same time, it is more energy saving than OLED. "If you can really do not rely on the backlight of the quantum dot technology, then the production of television screens can also be produced as printed newspapers. Said Ceng Haibo.

Subversion display technology

Department of chemistry, Zhejiang University professor Peng Xiaogang held in July this year, the scientists and the media face campaign has said that the quantum dot technology in China has been in the leading level in the world, now, still use LED quantum dot backlighting TV belongs to the first generation of products. But it is expected that in the next five years, the first generation of quantum dots TV will use the principle of electroluminescence, that is, no longer need a backlight can have a clear image display second.

In the future, when the electroluminescent quantum dot technology is put into use, the lighting and display industry will be subverted. Display technology will affect many industries, not only related to television, mobile phones and other areas of reform, but also caused by vehicle technology, and even traffic lights reform. Ceng Haibo looked forward to.

At the same time, the use of quantum dots can print newspapers like print, can effectively reduce waste, to ease the global energy crisis will also play an important role. It can be said that "quantum dots" a bright future.