LED industry: demand optimistic about the excessive growth of the economy constrained capacity

Semiconductor lighting is one of the most promising sunrise industries

Highlight the advantages of semiconductor lighting

The lighting industry has experienced three generations of products, they are the first generation of electric light source: incandescent lamp (tungsten halogen lamp), the second generation of electric light source: fluorescent lamps (fluorescent lamps, energy saving lamps) and the third generation of electric light source: high intensity discharge lamp (HID), is currently the fourth generation of electric light source, semiconductor lighting the development of. Implementation is a semiconductor light-emitting diode semiconductor lighting (LightEmitting Diode, abbreviated as LED), which is composed of a P type semiconductor and N type semiconductor chip, a transition layer formed between them is called P - N P - N junction, when combined with positive voltage with current injection of electrons and holes and light. The LED chip is very small in size, usually only tens to hundreds of microns square, which belongs to the solid state light source, select the appropriate matching of materials and manufacturing processes, most of electric energy can be converted into light energy, theoretical luminous efficiency can reach 400 lm/w, the LED Laboratory of maximum luminous efficiency of 157 lm/ W. LED is a new type of solid-state cold light source, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, long service life, easy maintenance, small volume, fast response and high reliability. At the same brightness, the power consumption of only ordinary incandescent fluorescent lamps 1/10, 1/3, and life can be prolonged by 100 times, semiconductor lighting is one of the most outstanding twenty-first Century high technology development, the future of the semiconductor lamp will gradually replace the incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp. By comparing the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of the first three generations of products, we can see the strong vitality of semiconductor lighting.

A variety of applications continue to introduce new

LED has long been developed from the earliest indicator lights to lighting, lighting is usually divided into two areas of general lighting and special lighting. With the continuous improvement of luminous efficiency and light intensity of LED, LED has developed into the special lighting, and gradually entered the field of general lighting.

The application scope of LED is mainly composed of LED chip (MCD, luminous intensity and luminous efficiency (milli candela) lm/w, LM / W) decision. The greater the luminous intensity and luminous efficiency is more and more widely used.

According to the luminescence intensity of LED chip can be divided into ordinary brightness LED, high brightness LED and high brightness LED, <10mcd luminous intensity for ordinary brightness, 10mcd ~ 100mcd between the high brightness, to meet or exceed the 100mcd super high brightness. The ordinary brightness is mainly used for the indicator lamp; the high brightness is used for the special lighting; the super high brightness can be further used for the general lighting.

From the luminous efficiency, LED has the advantages of the first three generations of lighting products can not be compared, LED luminous efficiency in theory can reach 400lm/w, the current level of production is 70-90lm/w, the level of the laboratory is about 120lm/w. The luminous efficiency of the first three generations of products are ranging from 8-80lm/w. The higher the luminous efficiency means the power to achieve the same lighting effect is reduced, and its superiority is also increasingly reflected. At present, LED has changed from the early indicator to the development of traffic lights, car lights, background light, landscape lighting and special lighting, military and other applications (toys, gifts, light industrial products etc.), general lighting has started.

Countries have stepped up the development of semiconductor lighting industry

Japan in 1998 to take the lead in the implementation of the "twenty-first Century lighting" program, and in 2006 to complete the use of white light-emitting diode lighting to replace the traditional lighting 50%. At present, Japan is planning to achieve the luminous efficiency of LED reached 120 lm/w by 2010. 08 years in April the Japanese government called for efforts to 2012, the full realization of the conversion from incandescent to fluorescent lamps.

The United States "national semiconductor lighting project" formulated by the U. S. Department of energy, plans to use 10 years to invest $500 million in the development of semiconductor lighting, the purpose is to enable the United States in the future lighting market competition, leading to Japan, Europe and South Korea and other competitors. The planned time node is 2002 20 lm/w, at 75 lm/w on 2012, at 150 lm/w. It is estimated that by 2010, 55% of incandescent lamp and fluorescent lamp will be replaced by semiconductor lamp. By 2025, the use of solid-state lighting source will reduce the lighting electricity consumption by half, and the annual energy saving will reach US $35 billion.

This year, the EU summit meeting on the spring, the EU decided to gradually replace incandescent lamps with energy-saving lamps; EU countries are also proposed legislation to prohibit the production of incandescent bulbs from 2009. EU energy ministers asked the European Commission to make plans before the end of 08, from 2010 to prohibit the sale of incandescent lamps in the EU, including high energy consumption of domestic lighting equipment.

Argentina, 12, signed a bill this year, decided to ban the use of ordinary bulbs from 2011. New Zealand Department of energy said 07 years, will start from 2009, prohibit the use of incandescent bulbs. In addition, South Korea, China has launched a national semiconductor lighting project.

Two, industry competition pattern analysis: Europe and the United States control of high-end products

LED industry is divided into the upper, middle and lower reaches of the upper reaches of the epitaxial film growth, the middle reaches of the chip production, downstream refers to the packaging industry. The technical content of upstream epitaxial wafer production is the highest, the investment is big, followed by the middle reaches of the chip, the downstream packaging industry to enter the low-end easy, but in fact, the current heat dissipation, high brightness light-emitting chip package to put forward higher requirements, technical requirements and the importance of more and more high. Industry shows a relatively small number of upstream and downstream enterprises, and many downstream enterprises in Pyramid form.

From the leading manufacturer in the world LED is Japan's Nichia (Nichia) and TOYOTA (Toyoda Gosei), the synthesis of C